Карклинс, Расма. Система в ответе за это: коррупция в посткоммунистических странах

272 ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ К ГЛАВАМ 5 И 6 Comparing New Party Systems in Southern and Eastern Europe, ed. Geoffrey Pridham and PaulG.Lewis (London: Routledge, 1996), p. 58. 69 Автор (Agh) (ibid., p. 59) считает, что контр-элита насчитывает около 10 000 человек. 70 Johnston, “ The Political Consequences of Corruption," p. 469. 71 Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe (BaltimoreJohns Hopkins University Press, 1996), pp. 66, 70. 72 Peter J. Stavrakis, State-Building in Post-Soviet Russia: The Chicago Boys and the Decline of Administrative Capacity, Kennan Institute Occasional Paper #254 (Oct. 1993), p. 4. 73 Michael McFaul, “ State Power, Institutional Change, and the Politics of Privatization in Russia, ” World Politics 47 (Jan. 1995), pp. 210-43; Varese, “ The Transition to the Market and Corruption in Post-socialist Russia, ” pp. 579-96. 74 Joel S. Hellman, “ Winners Take All: The Politics of Partial Reform in Postcommunist Transitions," World Politics 50 (Jan. 1998), pp. 203-34. 75 Alena V. Ledeneva, Unwritten Rules: How Russia Really Works (London: Centre for European Reform, 2001), p. 12. 76 Marc Morje Howard, Free Not to Participate: The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe (Glasgow: Centre for the Study of Public Policy, 2000), p. 36. Примечания к главе 6 ’ John T. Noonan, Bribes (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), P.704. 2 Raymond Guess, Public Goods, Private Goods (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001), p. 37. 3 Обзор типов режима можно найти в книге Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996). 4 Я благодарю профессора Maija Kule из Латвийского Университета за наиболее ясное аргументирование своей точки зрения в личной дискуссии. 5 Hans Nilsson, “ Substantive Criminal Law: Corruption and Money Laundering, ” in Corruption and Democracy: Political Institutions, Processes and Corruption in Transition States in East-Central Europe and in the Former Soviet Union, ed. Due V. Trang (Budapest: Institute for Constitutional and Legislative Policy, 1994), p. 90. 6 Marie Mendras, “ Rule by Bureaucracy in Russia, ” in Democracy and Corruption in Europe, ed. Donatella Delia Porta and Yves Meny (London: Pinter, 1997), p. 128; also Ken G. Jowitt, “ Soviet Neotraditionalism: The Political Corruption of a Leninist Regime, ” Soviet Studies 35, no. 3 (July 1983), pp. 275-97; and discussion in Chapter 5. 7 Carl J. Friedrich, The Pathology of Politics: Violence, Betrayal, Corruption,