Biochemistry

Lipids / \ Fatty Glycerol acids Carbohydrates Acyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Proteins Amino acids Phosphoglycerol Serine, Aldehyde threonine' cysteine, Аланин /±2H Pyruvic acid Z *CO 8 Acetyl -СоАІ -------------- X Oxalacetic acid Leucine, tyrosine, enylalani glycine 1\rosine, phenylalanine, \ — — - aspartic acid Fumaric acid I Succinic acid ±COj| I ±2H a- Ketoglutaric acid I ___ ±C0, Oxalosuccinic acid Lemon acid Cisaconite acid Isolimonic acid 4-Z2H Arginine, Proline, Oxyproline, Histidine, Ornithine Glutamic acid ±NH, Figure 13.1 - Interaction scheme of the metabolism main links The intake of substances to organs and tissues is under the control of various transport systems. These include fractions of proteins that reversibly bind vitamin A (retinol-binding protein), transferrin (protein transporting iron), transcortin (protein that carries steroid hormones), lipoproteins (involved in lipid transfer), etc. At the next stage, entry and removal of substances from the cells is controlled, i.e., there is a cellular level of regulation. An important role in this belongs to the cell membrane, which separates internal contents of the cell and its organelles from the environment. 276