Biochemistry

Monosaccharides are easily hydrogenated at the С - О bond, turning into polyhydric alcohols. So, from D- glucose and D- fructose sorbitol is formed, which is used in clinical nutrition as a sugar substitute. Glucose-l-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-i,<5- diphosphate An important property of monosaccharides is their ability to esterify under the action of phosphoric acid . Phosphoric esters from Akharov actively participate in a metabolism. In particular, compounds such as glucose-l-phosphate, fructose- 6-phosphate,fructose-l,6-diphosphatesnQ intermediate products of anaerobic digestion of carbohydrates. When the OH group of the monosaccharide is replaced by an NH 2 group, the corresponding amino sugar is formed. Amino sugars possess the properties of amines, monosaccharides, as well as specific properties due to the spatial proximity of the active (hydroxyl and amine) groups. They enter into the composition of mucous substances, the synovial fluid, the vitreous body of the eye, are involved in the regulation of blood coagulation. The most important are the D - glucosamine and D - galactosamine. 138